There is a lot of confusion and misinformation about social security cards as it relates to U.S. immigration law. Whether or not a foreign national, whether a resident or non-resident alien, is entitled to a social security card depends mostly on the persons immigration status in the United States.
According to the Social Security Administration (SSA) any U.S. Citizen, lawful permanent resident or other lawful alien who is authorized to work in the U.S. is entitled to a social security card. Whether or not a person is authorized to work is determined by the SSA pursuant to the provisions of 20 CFR §422.105. Examples of non-residents who are authorized to work are beneficiaries of K1 fiance visa petitions or their dependents and applicants for adjustment of status.